Native Language and Dialect

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Naismith et al. (2018) pdf

  • a model that measures L2 learners’ lexical sophistication with the frequency list based on the native speaker corpora
  • Arabic-speaking learners are rated systematically lower across all levels of human-assessed English proficiency than speakers of Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Spanish.
  • Level 5 Arabic-speaking learners are inaccurately evaluated to have similar level of lexical sophistication as Level 4 learners from China, Japan, Korean and Spain .
  • When used on the ETS corpus, essays by Japanese-speaking learners with higher human-rated lexical sophistication are rated significantly lower in lexical sophistication than Arabic, Japanese, Korean and Spanish peers.


Loukina et al. (2019) pdf

  • Models providing automated speech scores on English language proficiency assessment
  • L1-specific model trained on the speaker’s native language was the least fair, especially for Chinese, Japanese, and Korean speakers, but not for German speakers
  • All models (Baseline, Fair feature subset, L1-specific) performed worse for Japanese speakers