Latino/Latina/Latinx/Hispanic Learners in North America

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Anderson et al. (2019) pdf

  • Models predicting six-year college graduation
  • False negatives rates were greater for Latino students when Decision Tree and Random Forest yielded was used
  • White students had higher false positive rates across all models, Decision Tree, SVM, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, and SGD

Christie et al. (2019) pdf

  • Models predicting student's high school dropout
  • The decision trees showed little difference in AUC among White, Black, Hispanic, Asian, American Indian and Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander.

Lee and Kizilcec (2020) pdf

  • Models predicting college success (or median grade or above)
  • Random forest algorithms performed significantly worse for underrepresented minority students (URM; American Indian, Black, Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, Hispanic, and Multicultural) than non-URM students (White and Asian)
  • The fairness of the model, namely demographic parity and equality of opportunity, as well as its accuracy, improved after correcting the threshold values


Yu et al. (2020) pdf

  • Model predicting undergraduate short-term (course grades) and long-term (average GPA) success
  • Hispanic students were inaccurately predicted to perform worse for both short-term and long-term
  • The fairness of models improved when either click or a combination of click and survey data, and not institutional data, was included in the model


Yu and colleagues (2021) pdf

  • Models predicting college dropout for students in residential and fully online program
  • Whether the protected attributed were included or not, the models had worse true negative rates but better recall for underrepresented minority (URM) students, in residential and online programs
  • The model was less accurate for URM students studying in residential program


Bridgeman et al. (2009) pdf

  • Automated scoring models for evaluating English essays, or e-rater
  • E-rater gave significantly higher score for 11th grade essays written by Asian American and Hispanic students, particularly, Hispanic female students
  • The score difference between human rater and e-rater was significantly smaller for 11th grade essays written by White and African American students